Marketing strategy: how to do it

Date

19 February 2025

A marketing strategy is the action plan that guides a company in achieving its market objectives.

Defining a clear strategy allows you to establish the direction to follow, identify the target audience, and choose the most effective marketing levers to differentiate from other industry players.

Every business decision, therefore, from creating brand identity to promoting a product, is more likely to succeed if it is part of a solid marketing strategy, as it is designed and structured based on tailored data and analysis. When the various elements of the plan work together in synergy, business performance improves, resources are optimised, and competitiveness increases.

The main components of a marketing strategy include market analysis, building brand identity, applying the marketing mix, and integrating digital and traditional techniques. The ability to combine these elements coherently is one of the distinguishing features of IED’s communication and marketing courses, designed to provide up-to-date skills and practical tools to face the challenges every Marketing Manager will encounter.

Understanding brand identity

Brand identity is at the heart of a marketing strategy as it defines the set of visual, verbal, and value elements that make a business recognisable and distinct from its competitors. Structuring a brand identity is essential for conveying a coherent image of the company, building trust, and creating an emotional connection with the audience. Its key elements are:

  • Logo: the visual symbol that encapsulates the brand’s identity, which should be as recognisable as possible.
  • Color palette: the chosen tones designed to evoke specific emotions or values in users or customers.
  • Tone of voice: the brand's communication style, which must remain consistent with the company's personality across all communication channels.
  • Company values and mission: the guiding principles that underpin all the brand’s actions.

A well-defined brand identity must consider various elements, including product, price, promotion, and distribution. It is crucial that all these aspects are consistent with each other to integrate effectively into the overall marketing strategy, ensuring that each component contributes to the brand's success.

An example

Patagonia is a company that has built its identity around the values of environmental sustainability. Every element of its communication consistently reflects its brand identity, creating an authentic connection with an audience that cares about environmental issues.

The marketing mix and its importance

The marketing mix is the operational tool that translates strategy into concrete actions. It is based on the integration of four main elements, known as the 4Ps of marketing:

• Product: defining the product’s features, design, packaging, and perceived quality.
• Price: selecting a pricing strategy based on perceived value and market positioning.
• Promotion: planning communication and promotional activities aimed at raising awareness and highlighting the product.
• Place (distribution): choosing the channels through which the product is made available to the consumer.

An example

Apple’s marketing mix is a well-structured example, integrating product, price, promotion, and distribution in perfect alignment with its brand image. The distinctive design of its products, premium positioning, minimalist advertising campaigns, and distribution through Apple Stores all help reinforce Apple’s image as an innovative, high-end brand.

Each component of the marketing mix must align with the brand identity and adapt to the specific needs of the target market, creating a recognisable and competitive value offering.

Integrating digital and traditional marketing

In building an effective and coherent marketing strategy, integrating digital and traditional marketing is essential—especially today, when multichannel thinking is a must.

Traditional marketing includes established tools like print, TV, radio advertising, participation in physical events, and sponsorship activities. These channels remain higly effective for building brand awareness, especially when targeting a broader audience.

Digital marketing, on the other hand, leverages online platforms to reach specific target audiences with focused actions. Social media, SEO, content marketing, email marketing, and online advertising allow for customizing communication and real-time campaign performance tracking.

An example

Coca-Cola’s Share a Coke campaign combined the personalisation of bottles in physical retail outlets with a major social media campaign, directly involving users in sharing photos and messages. This created a virtuous cycle between traditional and digital promotion. The combination helped expand the campaign’s reach while maintaining a consistent message across all channels.

Market analysis and target audience

Market analysis is a crucial step in developing a marketing strategy. It allows businesses to understand the competitive landscape, identify growth opportunities, and anticipate industry trends.

By gathering and processing data, it’s possible to identify main competitors, analyse consumer behaviour, and assess the economic and social factors influencing the target market.

An example

Netflix, before expanding into new markets, conducted thorough research to understand potential subscribers’ consumption preferences, cultural habits, and online behaviours.. These insights guided the brand’s content choices, campaign localisation, and pricing strategies.

Correctly identifying the target audience is equally important: an effective marketing strategy is based on tailoring actions to meet the needs and expectations of the intended public.

Measuring and optimizing campaign performance

Monitoring and measuring marketing campaign performance is essential to evaluate their effectiveness and identify areas for improvement. Using KPIs (Key Performance Indicators) allows marketers to track specific aspects of campaigns, such as:

  • Conversion rate: measures the percentage of users who perform a desired action.
  • CTR (Click Through Rate): shows the ratio between clicks and views.
  • ROI (Return on Investment): calculates the profitability of the advertising investment.
  • Engagement rate: assesses audience interaction with the content.

An example

Spotify's annual Wrapped campaign is entirely based on continuous analysis of user listening data. Thanks to careful monitoring of engagement metrics, Spotify is able to to optimise content personalisation and campaign distribution on digital channels, significantly increasing user engagement.

 

Would you like to gain the skills needed to design an effective and innovative marketing strategy? Discover IED’s communication and marketing courses and start building your professional future.

 

You may be interested in:

17 April 2026

Vote for IED Madrid projects among the ten finalists in Accor Design Awards 2026

For the second year running, four IED Madrid students have reached the grand final, placing their projects among the best in the world

A group of people posing behind a long table with food

17 March 2026

IED Barcelona hosts BIP – Erasmus+ KA131: The Future(s) of the Mediterranean Food System

Focused on imagining possible—and desirable—futures for the Mediterranean food system, this interdisciplinary programme took place from 23 to 26 February together with students from IED Rome, Università Federico II of Naples and University Paris-Est Créteil Val de Marne.

09 March 2026

IED Barcelona at 4YFN 2026

Sylvie Gornes-Martin, Alumni of the Master in Strategic Design Management, has presented the project CarSight for SEAT, developed within the framework of the CBI (Challenge Based Innovation) programme in collaboration with UPC and Esade.

06 March 2026

IED Madrid’s Workshop Week 2026 explores new creative territories with international guest lecturers thanks to the Erasmus KA131 programme

Guest lecturers Lavinia Rosseti, Filippo Rossi, and Nicolas Lambouris brought new perspectives on materiality and contemporary audiovisual practices within the #TimesNew concept.

25 February 2026

AD100 IED Alumni: a talk series with Architectural Digest

The protagonists are three alumni who have been included over the years in the prestigious AD selection. The series opens with Federica Biasi, followed by Francesco Meda and Studio Klass.

24 February 2026

Care, Value and Place: A New Agenda for Design

John Thackara presented the lecture Care, Value and Place for the Master in Social Ecological Design at IED Torino, in collaboration with Circolo del Design, bringing a timely and radical reflection on the future of design.

A classroom with students watching a screen where a videoconference is taking place

17 February 2026

Recruitment Days at IED Barcelona

From 3 to 5 February, leading companies from the fashion and fragrance sectors visited the campus to meet and interview final-year Communication and Master’s students.

Overhead view of a labyrinth of fabric panels and light

10 February 2026

IED Barcelona bathes Llum BCN 26 in warm light

The lighting design installation “Fabric Maze”, a labyrinth of fabrics, lights and shadows inspired by the textile past of the Poblenou neighbourhood, created warm visual compositions with each visitor’s passage.

09 February 2026

Creativity, design and architecture at the Workshop Week 2026

From 2 to 6 February, 430 students at IED Barcelona took part in this annual multidisciplinary academic activity, which offered 25 multidisciplinary workshops inspired by the Barcelona World Capital of Architecture 2026 event. And, for the first time, it included mobility between campuses.